Roman Numerals, Binary, Octal, Hex to Decimal and Other Radix Conversion

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Number of significat figures

Do you want rounded off figures or scientifically precise ones? For everyday conversions we recommend choosing 3 or 4 significant digits. If you want maximum precision, set the number to 9

Digit groups separator

Choose how you want to have your digit groups separated in long numbers:

1234567.89none
1 234 567.89space
1,234,567.89comma
1.234.567,89point

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  • Significant figures:
  • Digit groups separator:
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Decimal numbers

The decimal numerals we use every day were invented in India. They were brought to Europe by Arab merchants and became known in the West as Arabic numerals. The correct name for the numbers we use is Hindu-Arabic.

The Hindu-Arabic system consists of 10 digits from 0 to 9. These ten digits are written differently in various languages though.

Common decimal number (Hindu-Arabic)
Devanagari number (India and Nepal)
Eastern Arabic number (Middle East)
Traditional Chinese number
Financial Chinese number
Thai number
Khmer number
Tamil number (Singapour, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, South Africa)
Units: Common decimal number (Hindu-Arabic)  / Devanagari number (India and Nepal)  / Eastern Arabic number (Middle East)  / Traditional Chinese number  / Financial Chinese number  / Thai number  / Khmer number  / Tamil number (Singapour, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, South Africa)
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Roman numerals

Roman numerals originated in Ancient Rome and were used for many centuries (up to 14th century) all across the Europe. They are still occasionally used nowadays. The numbers in traditional Roman system are represented by Latin letters I, V, X, L, C, D, and M. Each letter could only be repeated no more than 3 times in a row. It means that the maximum number that one could write was MMMCMXCIX which was equal to 3999.

To represent larger numbers several modifications of Roman systems were used. One example of those is vinculum where adding a horizontal line over a number multiplies it by 1000. Adding additional vertical lines to the left and right of the number raises multiplier to a million.

Another system was called apostrophus which originates from Etruscan numerals. In this system 500 was written as and 1000 as C|Ɔ. Extra Roman parentheses C and Ɔ made the number 10 times bigger.

To enter a digit with overscore type the digit followed by _ symbol. E.g. M_ will be understood as . You may use usual parentheses instead of Roman. E.g. (|) instead of C|Ɔ.

Roman numeral (vinculum)
Roman numeral (apostrophus)
Units: Roman numeral (vinculum)  / Roman numeral (apostrophus)
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Greek numerals

Greek numerals are decimal, but different letters are used to represent numbers from 1 to 9, from 10 to 90, and from 100 to 900. A special character keraia (ʹ) is added in the end to distinguish a number from a word. A left keraia (͵) added before a letter is used to denote thousands. The numbers one million and above cannot be written this way.
Greek numeral
Units: Greek numeral
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Common Radix Numerals

The radix or base of a numeral system is the number of unique digits (inclusing zero) that are used in a positional numeral system. Our common decimal system we use every day has radix 10. The systems with bases 2 (binary), 8 (octal) and 16 (hexadecimal) are often used in computing.
binary number (radix 2)
octal number (radix 8)
hexadecimal number (radix 16)
Units: binary number (radix 2)  / octal number (radix 8)  / hexadecimal number (radix 16)
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Other Radix Numerals

These numerals are rarely used.
ternary number (radix 3)
quaternary number (radix 4)
quinary number (radix 5)
undecimal number (radix 11)
duodecimal number (radix 12)
Units: ternary number (radix 3)  / quaternary number (radix 4)  / quinary number (radix 5)  / undecimal number (radix 11)  / duodecimal number (radix 12)

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Did you know?
In medieval and ancient times usage of Roman numerals was not consistent. For example, you could find both VIII and IIX to designate eight even in the same document.
? Not a valid Greek numeral ? Not a valid hexadecimal number. Please only use digits 0 to 9 and letters from A to F ? Not a valid octal number. Please only use digits from 0 to 7 ? Not a valid duodecimal number. Please only use digits 0 to 9 and letters A and B ? Not a valid undecimal number. Please only use digits 0 to 9 and letter A ? Not a valid ternary number. Please only use digits 0 to 2 ? Not a decimal integer. ? Not a valid quinary number. Please only use digits 0 to 4 ? Not a valid Roman numeral ? Not a correct number. ? Not a valid quaternary number. Please only use digits 0 to 3 ? Not a valid binary number. Please only use digits 0 and 1

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