Tum (thumb Or Inch) After 1855. Conversion Chart

This conversion page features historical units (ancient, medieval, etc.) that are mostly no longer in use. If you are looking for units of length that are used today, including many national units of various countries, please switch to our main length conversion page.
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Metric

We only include several basic units here for you to convert historical units to contemporary ones. A more comprehensive list of metric units is available on the main length conversion page.
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to kilometer (km)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to meter (m)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to centimeter (cm)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to millimeter (mm)
Units: kilometer (km)  / meter (m)  / centimeter (cm)  / millimeter (mm)
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The American System of Measures (US Customary Units)

We only include several basic units here for you to convert historical units to contemporary ones. A more comprehensive list of U.S. units is available on the main length conversion page.
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to mile (mi)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to yard (yd)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to inch (in)
Units: mile (mi)  / yard (yd)  / foot (ft)  / inch (in)
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Ancient Egypt

It might be hard to imagine, but these units dates back to 3100 BC. Egyptian people used them 5000 years ago. These units are distant ancestors of US customary units used today.
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to iteru (river measure)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to knet (rod of cord)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to nbiw (pole)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to meh niswt (royal cubit)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to meh nedjes (short cubit)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to remen
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to djeser, bu
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to pedj-aa (large span)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to pedj-sheser (small span)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to amem (fist)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to deret (hand)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to shesep (palm)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to djeba (finger)
Units: iteru (river measure)  / knet (rod of cord)  / nbiw (pole)  / meh niswt (royal cubit)  / meh nedjes (short cubit)  / remen  / djeser, bu  / pedj-aa (large span)  / pedj-sheser (small span)  / amem (fist)  / deret (hand)  / shesep (palm)  / djeba (finger)
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Ancient Greek

The values of Greek units varied according to location and epoch. Relative proportions though were generally the same. Greek measures were in general derived from measurement system of Ancient Egypt.
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to schoinos (σχοινός)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to parasanges (παρασάγγες, league)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to dolichos (δόλιχος)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to milion (μίλιον)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to hippikon (ἱππικόν)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to diaulos (δίαυλος)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to στάδιον, stadion
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to stadium olympic
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to stadium attic
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to stadium ptolemey
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to plethron (πλέθρον)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to hamma (ἅμμα)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to dekapous (δεκάπους)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to akaina (ἄκαινα)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to kalamos (κάλαμος)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to orgyia (ὄργυια, fathom)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to diploun bēma (διπλοῦν βῆμα, double pace)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to haploun bēma (ἁπλοῦν βῆμα, single pace)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to pēchys (πῆχυς, elbow)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to pygōn (πυγών)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to pygmē (πυγμή, forearm)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to pous (πούς, foot)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to spithamē (σπιθαμή, span of all fingers)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to orthodōron (ὀρθόδωρον, wrist to the tip of meddle finger)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to lichas (λιχάς)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to hemipodion (ἡμιπόδιον)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to dichas (διχάς, midfoot)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to dōron (δῶρον)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to palaiste (παλαιστή, palm)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to kondylos (κόνδυλος, two fingers)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to daktylos (δάκτυλος, finger)
Units: schoinos (σχοινός)  / parasanges (παρασάγγες, league)  / dolichos (δόλιχος)  / milion (μίλιον)  / hippikon (ἱππικόν)  / diaulos (δίαυλος)  / στάδιον, stadion  / stadium olympic  / stadium attic  / stadium ptolemey  / plethron (πλέθρον)  / hamma (ἅμμα)  / dekapous (δεκάπους)  / akaina (ἄκαινα)  / kalamos (κάλαμος)  / orgyia (ὄργυια, fathom)  / diploun bēma (διπλοῦν βῆμα, double pace)  / haploun bēma (ἁπλοῦν βῆμα, single pace)  / pēchys (πῆχυς, elbow)  / pygōn (πυγών)  / pygmē (πυγμή, forearm)  / pous (πούς, foot)  / spithamē (σπιθαμή, span of all fingers)  / orthodōron (ὀρθόδωρον, wrist to the tip of meddle finger)  / lichas (λιχάς)  / hemipodion (ἡμιπόδιον)  / dichas (διχάς, midfoot)  / dōron (δῶρον)  / palaiste (παλαιστή, palm)  / kondylos (κόνδυλος, two fingers)  / daktylos (δάκτυλος, finger)
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Ancient Roman

Roman length units were very well defined. The value of the base unit pes (foot) was discovered by John Greaves in 1639 after he made a lot of measurements in the ruins of Rome. Since then we know that the value of one pes was between 0.967 and 0.986 English feet. An accepted modern value is 296 mm. For most Roman units below we give an English equivalent in parentheses.
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to schœnus (rush rope)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to leuga (league)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to mille passus (mile)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to stadium (stade, furlong)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to actus
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to decempeda
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to pertica (perch)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to passus (pace)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to pes sestertius
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to gradus (step)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to cubitus (cubit)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to palmipes
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to pes (foot)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to palmus major (palm length)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to palmus (palm width)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to uncia (inch)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to pollex (thumb)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to digitus (finger)
Units: schœnus (rush rope)  / leuga (league)  / mille passus (mile)  / stadium (stade, furlong)  / actus  / decempeda  / pertica (perch)  / passus (pace)  / pes sestertius  / gradus (step)  / cubitus (cubit)  / palmipes  / pes (foot)  / palmus major (palm length)  / palmus (palm width)  / uncia (inch)  / pollex (thumb)  / digitus (finger)
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Old Spanish

In various provinces of Spain diferent variations of units were used. The conversions below use Castilian system. Although most of these units are now obsolete, some can still be used today in the countries of Latin America.
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to legua de por grado (league of the degree)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to legua marina (nautical)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to legua
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to milla marina (nautical)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to milla
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to cuerda of Valencia
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to cuerda
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to estadal
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to braza
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to paso
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to vara
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to codo de ribera
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to codo
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to pie
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to palmo
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to coto
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to pulgada
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to linea
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to punto
Units: legua de por grado (league of the degree)  / legua marina (nautical)  / legua  / milla marina (nautical)  / milla  / cuerda of Valencia  / cuerda  / estadal  / braza  / paso  / vara  / codo de ribera  / codo  / pie  / palmo  / coto  / pulgada  / linea  / punto
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Old Portuguese

These units were used in Portugal, Brazil and other countries of the Portuguese Empire until the adoption of the metric system in 19th century.
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to braça
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to toesa
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to passo geométrico
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to vara
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to côvado
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to pé
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to palmo de craveira
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to polegada
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to linha
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to ponto
Units: braça  / toesa  / passo geométrico  / vara  / côvado  / pé  / palmo de craveira  / polegada  / linha  / ponto
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Old German (Prussian)

These units were used before adoption of metric system in 1872.
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to meile
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to ruthe
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to elle
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to fuss
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to zoll
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to linie
Units: meile  / ruthe  / elle  / fuss  / zoll  / linie
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Old Austrian

These units were used before adoption of metric system in 1871.
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to meile
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to ruthe
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to klafner
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to fuss
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to zoll
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to linie
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to punkt
Units: meile  / ruthe  / klafner  / fuss  / zoll  / linie  / punkt
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Old Swedish

Common measurement system was introduced in Sweden by law in 1665. Since then the system was slightly altered twice: in 1735 and 1855. Sweden switched to metric system in 1889.
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to nymil (new mile, used since 1889 till now)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to mil (mile)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to fjärdingsväg
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to rev before 1855
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to rev after 1855
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to stång
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to famn (fanthom)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to aln (forealrm)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to fot (foot)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to kvarter
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to tvärhand (hand)
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to tum (thumb or inch) before 1855
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to linje (line) before 1855
tum (thumb or inch) after 1855 to linje (line) after 1855
Units: nymil (new mile, used since 1889 till now)  / mil (mile)  / fjärdingsväg  / rev before 1855  / rev after 1855  / stång  / famn (fanthom)  / aln (forealrm)  / fot (foot)  / kvarter  / tvärhand (hand)  / tum (thumb or inch) before 1855  /  / linje (line) before 1855  / linje (line) after 1855

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